The fortifications surrounding Old Quebec are one of the defining features of the city. The surviving ramparts, gates and defensive works form the Fortifications of Quebec National Historic Site and help explain why the historic district became a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Walking the fortifications
Visitors can see sections of the walls near gates including Porte Saint-Louis and Porte Saint-Jean. Public paths provide close views of the stonework and connect naturally with a walk through Upper Town.
Why the walls matter
The defence system developed over centuries under French and British rule. Parks Canada identifies the fortifications as commemorating the defensive system constructed between 1608 and 1871.
Citadelle and the city walls
The Citadelle of Quebec forms an important part of the defensive landscape, but it is an active military base and requires a guided visit. The public sections of the walls can be explored independently.
Practical advice
Wear comfortable shoes and expect slopes, stairs and uneven historic surfaces. Conditions can be slippery in winter. Guided activities and access details may change seasonally, so check Parks Canada information before planning a visit around a specific program.